Oil-burner.



No. 748,177. r v PATENTBD DEC. 29, 1903 EA. EDWARDS.

01 BURNER. APPLICATION FILED 001224, 1901.

N6 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented December 29, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

EVAN A. EDWARDS, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO- THIRDS TO RUFUS H. HERRON AND F. IRWIN HERRON, OF LOS AN- GELES, CALIFORNIA.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,177, dated December 903- Applioation filed October 24, 1901. Serial No. 79,866. llfl m deL T at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EVAN A. EDWARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Oil-Burner, of which the following is a specification.

An object of this invention is to provide an oil-burner adapted for all furnaces wherein oil is used as a fuel, and is specially adapted for the fire-boxes of locomotive and watertube boilers.

An object of the invention is to obtain from the oil the maximum heat units thereof and to avoid any oxidizing-flame.

Incidental to obtaining the desired results provision is made for a superior atomizing effect upon the oil, and in this regard the invention comprises an oil-burner constructed to discharge two obliquely-impinging sheets of fluid under pressure and to emit oil between said sheets, whereby the oil is subjected to both the heat, the friction, and pressure of said fluid,which in practical use is preferably steam or heated compressed air.

Another object of the invention is to avoid any clogging of the burner by reason of the caking or coking of the constituents of or the foreign matters carried by the oil, and in this connection this oil-burner is constructed to insulate the oil-supply thereof with the fluid medium for atomizing the oil. Furthermore, means are provided to superheat the oxygen for the flame and to introduce it to the flame in the most efiective manner.

More specifically, my invention consists in an oil-burner adapted to deliver two sheets of fluid obliquely to each other and adapted to impinge upon each other ata distance from the outlets and to emit oil between said sheets, whereby as such oil is carried out to the point of impingement the expansion of said sheets toward each other tends to atomize said oil, and when said oil is carried to the point of impingement said oil is thoroughly broken up and its complete atomization effected by said sheets simultaneously expanding into each other. I prefer to make said burner cylindrical in cross-section and to provide annular outlets adapted to emit annular sheets of expansive fluid between which the oil is delivered, thus encircling the burner with impinging sheets of fluid between which the fuel is delivered.

This invention may be carried out in various ways, and I do not limit myself to any specific form of construction.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention in the form which Iat present deem best for carrying out the principle thereof.

Figure I is an elevation of the newly-invented oil-burner in the fire-box of a locomotive, a fragment of which is shown. Fig. II is a plan of the same viewed from line II II, Fig. I. Fig. III is a plan of the burner detached. Fig. IV is an elevation of the burner with the air-heating chamber in section on line IV IV, Figs. I and II. Dotted lines indicate a cross-section of the jets or sheets of fluid medium which issue from the burner to at-omize the oil. Fig. V is a vertical midsection of the burner on line V V, Fig. IV. Fig. VI is a fragmental plan of the burner, omitting the cap. Fig. VII is aplan section on line VII VII, Fig. V. Fig. VIII is a plan section on line VIII VIII, Fig. V.

1 designates the body of the burner, furnished with a chamber 2, open at the top, as indicated at 3. 4 designates a tube extending through said chamber and furnished above said body with a flange 5 to form with the top of the body 1 a slot 6. 7 designates a cap above the flange constructed to form, with said flange, a chamber 8 and a dischargeslot 9, a passage 10 being provided to communicate between said chambers 2 and 8. The flange 5 is furnished with an outlet 11, leading from the tube 4 and opening between the outwardly-opening discharge-slots 6 and 9. Said tube 4 is preferably closed above said outlet 11 bya screw 12, screwed thereinto'and by which the cap 7 is held in place on top of tube 4. Preferably the body 1 is furnished in said chamber 2 with an upward tubular extension 13 of the floor thereof, into which the tube 4 is screwed. The oil-supply pipe 14: is screwed into the lower end of said extension to supply oil to the tube 4:.

15 designates lugs on the tube 4 to fit inside the neck 16 of the body 1 to brace the tube against lateral movement.

17 designates a pipe to supply a suitable chamber or case 21.

fluid, which may be either air or steam, to the chamber 2, from whence it issues through the open top of said chamber and is outwardly directed by the under side of the flange 5,preferably in a horizontal plane; but the parts may be constructed to discharge the jet or sheet in any other way which may be deemed desirable. This under portion of the flange is desirably horizontal,or substantially so,and extends beyond the top of neck 16, so that if the oil is accidentally left turned on while the blast is cut off the dripping oil will not pass back into and clog the blast-outlet. A portion of the fluid under pressure is allowed to pass upward through the flange through a suitable passage preferably formed by holes 10, and the fluid which passes through such holes enters the chamber 8 beneath the cap 7 and issues through the slot 9 in a sheet or jet, which is preferably downwardly directed, the under side of the cap being beveled for this purpose, as indicated at 18 in Fig. V. Preferably the burner is constructed to cause the upper sheet to impinge upon the lower sheet at a distance of two inches, more or less, from the periphery of the burner, and I also prefer in many instances to construct the burner so that the two jets or sheets will issue on all sides of the burner, and the burner in such instances is preferably placed in the center of the floor of the fire-box 19,,whereby the fire is directed to all parts of the fire-box without any oxidizing or blowpipe effect.

' 2O designates an inlet into the fire-box for oxygen. This oxygen may be furnished by atmospheric or other air pressure, and the inlets 20 will be made of any size which may be found desirable and efficient. At present I deem it advisable to admit air close to the burner and not elsewhere, and for this purpose and also for the purpose of superheating the air an air-heating case 21 is provided, surrounding the body 1 of the burner and furnished with an open mouth 22 in a plane just below the lower passage or slot 6, through which the lower jet or sheet of the fluid-atomizing medium is ejected, so that the issuing jet or sheet of said medium will cause a suction effect to draw air through the inlet 20 and out at the mouth 22 of the superheating Preferably the inlet 20 is a pipe or pipes passing through the fire-box to be heated therein, so that highly-heated air will be supplied to the case 21.

The supply of oil and steam or air to the burner will be regulated by any of the means usually employed for that purpose. The oil which issues through the outlets 11 falls upon the jet or sheet of air or steam, as the case may be, issuing through the slot 6 and is thus carried outward to where the jet or sheet of steam or air issuing through the slot 9 impinges upon the lower jet or sheet of steam, and the oil is thereby broken and thoroughly atomized'in a highly-effective manner and practically perfect combustion ensues. It is thus seen that as the oil emits from the outlets 11 and passes out toward the point of im pingement with the steam sheet from the outlet 9 the expansion of the sheets of steam from the outlets 6 and 9 toward each other tends to atomize the oil. I thus utilize the natural expansion of the steam to great advantage and secure a much better atomization than if I relied upon intermingling the steam and oil at the outlets. As the oil reaches the point of impingement the expansion ofthe steam sheets into each other accomplishes the thorough atomizing of the oil and provides asuperior productimmediately utilizable for perfect combustion. By making the burner cylindrical in cross-section encircling sheets are emitted, providing an intense flame on all sides of the burner, the oil being completely surrounded with expansive fluid.

It is to be understood that the outlets for the fluid medium and the oil may be varied in size, shape, and arrangement from what is shown in the drawings or some portions of the outlets shown may be closed or omitted without avoiding this invention in its main features.

The fluid medium practically surrounds the fuel-oil and insulates the same from the heat of the furnace until such'oil issues from the burner. This avoids any liability of coking or caking of any of the substances in the oil to clog the burner.

The flange 5 is preferably grooved with an annular groove 23, which extends inward nearly to the passage 10 through said flange. One purpose of this groove is to shorten the distance through which the holes are bored to form the passage 11. Another object is to allow the oil to be more evenly distributed between the impinging sheets or jets of steam.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. An oil-burner provided with two annular outlets arranged one above the other and at an oblique angle to each other, adapted to discharge two impinging sheets of fluid obliquely to each other, and provided with an annularly-arranged series of oil-outlets, between said fluid-outlets, adapted to emit oil between the annular sheets of fluid.

2. A burner furnished with annular outlets arranged in two planes, one of which outlets is directed approximately horizontal and the other aslant for the purpose ofimpinging the jet from the latter outlet obliquely upon the jet from the other outlet; said burner being also furnished with a series of annularlyarranged outlets into the space between the two first-named outlets; means for supplying a fluid under pressure to the first-named outlets; and means for supplying fuel to the latter outlet.

3. An oil-burner comprising a body furnished with a chamber open at the top; a tube extending through said chamber and furnished above said body with a flange to form chamber and furnished with a flange provided with outlets and a peripheral groove; an open space being between the flange and the top of the body to emit fluid from the chamber; means to supply fluid to the chamber; a cap screwed to the top of the tube and furnished on its under side with a cavity and adjusted with an open space between it and the flange, a passage being provided through the flange from the chamber in the body.

5. An oil-burner comprising a body provided with a central oil-duct and a steam-duct surrounding the same both extending longitudinally thereof, a steam-outlet extending transversely from said steam-duct, a series of radial oil-outlets parallel with said steam-outlet, a supplemental steam-chamber provided above said oil-outlets, a series of ducts leading from said main steam-duct to said supplemental chamber, an inclined outlet from said supplemental chamber adapted to direct a steam sheet against the oil streams from said outlets and intermingle the same with the steam sheet from said first-named steamoutlet, and steam and oil inlets.

6. An oil-burner comprising a body provided with a central oil-duct and a steam duct or chamber surrounding the same, said ducts extending longitudinally of said body, inlets supplying oil and steam to said respective ducts, an annular radial outlet leading from said steam-duct, an annular groove, a series of oil-outlets communicating radially from said oil-duct to said groove, a second annular steam-outlet extending at an angle with respect to said oil and steam ducts, said second outlet connected with said steam'duct, said'oil-outlets arranged between said respeciive steam-outlets whereby said second steamoutlet is adapted to direct a sheet of steam across the plane of discharge of said oil.

7. An oil-burner having longitudinal oil and steam ducts or chambers, one surrounding the other, an annular radial steam-outlet adapted to discharge an annular sheet of steam from said steam-duct, a second annular radial steam-outlet adapted to deliver an annular sheet of steam impinging obliquely upon said first-named sheet, at a distance beyond the outlets, a series of annularly-arranged radial oil-outlets between said steamoutlets, and inlets to said oil and steam ducts or chambers, for the purpose set forth.

8. An oil-bu rner having longitudinal oil and steam ducts or chambers, one surrounding the other, an annular radial steam-outlet adapted to discharge a sheet of steam from said steam duct, a second annular radial steam-outlet adapted to deliver a sheet of steam impinging obliquely upon said firstnamed stream, a series of annularly-arranged radial oil-outlets between said steam-outlets, inlets to said oil and steam ducts 0r chambers, and an air-chamber provided around said oil and steam chambers, said air-chamber provided with an open top just below the plane of said outlets, and means for supplying air thereto.

9. An oil-burner comprising a body provided with a central oil-duct and a steamduct surrounding the'same, both extending longitudinally thereof, a steam-outlet extending out radially from said steam-duct, oiloutlets extending out radially from said oilduct and parallel with said steam-duct, a second steam-outlet extending out laterally from said steam-d net and slanted toward said firstmentioned steam-outlet and across the plane of said oil discharge, said oiloutlets discharging between said steam-outlets, and oil and steam inlets to said ducts.

10. An oil-burner comprising an oil-duct and a fluid-duct, cylindrical in cross-section, and having annular outlets arranged to discharge two impinging annular sheets of fluid radially of said burner and obliquely to each other, and to emit oil between said sheets.

11. An oil-burner comprising an annular body, provided with an expansive-medium chamber,a tube extending through said chamber and forming an annular peripheral outlet from said chamber between the upper end of said body and a portion of said tube, said tube provided with an annularly-arranged series of oil-outlets, and a cover or cap mounted above said oil-outlets, said cover or cap provided with a concavity and an annular peripheral outlet an gularly disposed toward the plane of the first-named outlet, and a series of ducts communicating between said chamber and said concavity.

12. An oil-burner comprising in combination a body provided with an expansive-medium chamber, a tube extending through said chamber, and provided above the top thereof with a laterally-flanged portion forming an annular outlet between said flange and the top of said body, said flanged portion provided with an annularly-disposed series of outlets, and a cap or cover supported above said flanged portion and having a cavity in its under surface, the upper edge of said flanged portion and the under edge of said cap or cover forming an annular outlet extending at an acute angle toward the plane of said first-named outlet, and said flanged portion provided with a series of ducts communicating between said chamber and cavity.

13. An oil-burner comprising a body furnished with a chamber open at the top; a tube extending through said chamber and furnished with an outwardly-extending flange portion between the lower surface of which and the top of the wall of said chamber a ICS radial outlet is formed, and with a series of two Subscribing witnesses, at Los Angeles, radial outlets from said tube above said flange California, this 19th day of October, 1901.

portion the bottom of said fian e portion be- I ing substantially horizontal and extending EVAN EDWARDS 5 beyond the top of said wall. Witnesses: In testimony whereof I have signed my JAMES R. TOWNSEND,

name to this specification, in the presence of JULIA TOWNSEND. 

